Factors that increase the risk of prostate cancer and how to avoid them

One thing we have to acknowledge about women when it comes to health is that they are ahead of us in terms of prevention and detection of medical conditions¹. This is even more evident when we talk about intimate health.

In fact, numerous studies demonstrate this, whether it’s because women are more aware of the importance of routine health exams and prevention programs, or because men often delay visits related to medical check-ups². The result? Later diagnoses of diseases like prostate cancer, leading to worse outcomes in terms of treatment and recovery.

But since you're reading this article, I’ll assume you care enough about your health and want to break this negative pattern. So clear your mind, and I’ll give you all the information you need to manage your prostate health with autonomy and informed decision-making.

What is prostate cancer?

Prostate cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in men. It develops in the prostate, a small gland located beneath the bladder that is part of the male reproductive system. Its primary function is to produce seminal fluid (which protects and nourishes sperm). Although many cases of prostate cancer grow slowly and do not cause major health issues, if not detected early (which is often the case), it can become aggressive and spread quickly to other parts of the body.

As you can imagine, detecting this type of cancer early is crucial, as it is more treatable in its early stages and has a better prognosis. Additionally, thanks to advances in early detection and treatment, survival rates for prostate cancer have greatly improved over the past few decades. So, there's no excuse to overlook your intimate health.

Who is more prone to prostate cancer?

The risk of developing prostate cancer increases with age. It’s more common in men over 50, and the risk continues to rise as you age. In fact, more than half of cases are diagnosed in men over 65, but it’s not just about age.

Other factors come into play, like family history: if a close relative, such as a father or brother, has had this type of cancer, the risk doubles. So... is it just about age and genetics? No, as with (almost) everything, lifestyle also influences the potential development of prostate cancer.

What can cause prostate cancer? Risk factors

There are various factors that increase the risk of developing prostate cancer. One of the main ones is diet. Diets high in saturated fats, such as those containing a lot of red meat and fatty dairy products, have been linked to a higher incidence of this cancer. Obesity is also a factor to consider, as it can contribute to the development of more aggressive tumors.

And if the previous point bothered you, I have worse news for those who stay glued to the couch: a sedentary lifestyle is another risk. Lack of physical activity can negatively impact men's health in general and increase the likelihood of developing this type of cancer. Therefore, if you want to reduce your risk, it’s almost mandatory to maintain a healthy weight and follow a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and fiber. And of course, eliminate the two most common poisons from your life.

The most harmful things for your prostate

Among the most harmful factors for your prostate are excessive alcohol consumption and smoking. Both habits (or vices, depending on how you see them) not only affect overall intimate health but have also been linked to an increased risk of prostate cancer. Excessive alcohol can disrupt hormonal balance, which influences the growth of prostate cells.

On the other hand, tobacco contains numerous carcinogenic substances that increase the risk of cancer in multiple organs, including the prostate. While quitting smoking and moderating alcohol consumption are good habits recommended for prostate cancer prevention, they also contribute to overall well-being. At the very least, it’s worth considering!

How to prevent prostate cancer?

Prostate cancer prevention, as I mentioned earlier, starts with adopting good habits that promote overall health. First, try to incorporate foods rich in antioxidants into your diet, such as tomatoes, spinach, and broccoli, which are great for prostate health.

Secondly, regular exercise is also crucial. As mentioned earlier, weight plays a role, so having a physical activity routine not only helps control it but also strengthens the immune system.

When to suspect prostate cancer? Symptoms and how to detect it

Prostate cancer in its early stages often does not show obvious symptoms, making it especially important to have regular check-ups, especially if you're over 50 or have a family history of prostate cancer. Early screenings, such as the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test, help detect any abnormalities early on.

When cancer advances, some of the signs that may appear include difficulty urinating, decreased urine flow, blood in semen or urine, and pain in the pelvic or lower back area. Therefore, if you experience any of these symptoms, it’s recommended to see a doctor for a complete evaluation.

Your health comes first: Take care of yourself

Taking care of your intimate health is essential for maintaining a good quality of life. Preventing prostate cancer isn’t just about avoiding a disease; it’s about adopting a lifestyle that promotes overall well-being. Incorporate good habits, like a healthy diet and regular exercise. And remember, these changes not only help prevent this cancer but also improve your health in many ways.

Don’t forget that early detection is key. And if you have any doubts, consult your doctor to find out when you should start screenings and how you can reduce your risks. After all, your health comes first, and taking care of yourself now will make a difference in your future.

References

1. Bertakis, K. D., Azari, R., Helms, L. J., Callahan, E. J., & Robbins, J. A. (2000). Gender differences in the utilization of health care services. The Journal of family practice, 49(2), 147–152.

Mansfield, A. K., Addis, M. E., & Mahalik, J. R. (2003). "Why Won't He Go to the Doctor?": The Psychology of Men's Help Seeking. International Journal of Men's Health, 2(2), 93–109. https://doi.org/10.3149/jmh.0202.93